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Yuneng Precision Machinery Technology
Knowledge of Mold Polishing
Release time:
2022-02-27
The polishing of the cavity during the mold manufacturing process is a very important step, as it relates to the quality and lifespan of the mold, and also determines the quality of the products. Mastering the working principles and process of polishing, and selecting appropriate polishing methods can improve the quality and lifespan of the mold, thereby enhancing the quality of the products.
In the mold manufacturing process, the forming parts of the mold often require surface polishing treatment. Mastering polishing techniques can improve the quality and service life of the mold, thereby enhancing product quality.
1. Mold Polishing Methods and Working Principles
Mold polishing typically uses oilstone strips, wool wheels, sandpaper, etc., to cause plastic deformation of the material surface and remove protruding parts of the workpiece to achieve a smooth surface, generally operated manually. For surfaces with high quality requirements, ultra-precision polishing methods can be used, which involve special grinding tools pressed tightly against the surface of the workpiece in a polishing liquid containing abrasives, performing high-speed rotational motion. Polishing can achieveRa0.008μm surface roughness.
2. Factors Affecting Mold Surface Polishing
(1) Condition of the Workpiece Surface
During mechanical processing, the surface layer of the material may be damaged due to heat, internal stress, or other factors, and improper cutting parameters can affect the polishing effect. The surface after electrical discharge machining is harder to grind than that after mechanical processing or heat treatment, so electrical discharge finishing should be performed before the end of electrical discharge machining; otherwise, a hardened thin layer will form on the surface. If the electrical discharge finishing standards are improperly selected, the depth of the heat-affected zone can reach a maximum of0.4mm. The hardness of the hardened thin layer is higher than that of the substrate, and it must be removed. Therefore, it is best to add a rough grinding process to provide a good foundation for polishing.
(2) Quality of the Steel
High-quality steel is a prerequisite for achieving good polishing quality. Various inclusions and pores in the steel can affect the polishing effect. To achieve good polishing results, the surface roughness for polishing must be specified when starting mechanical processing. When a workpiece is determined to require mirror polishing, steel with good polishing performance must be selected, and it must be heat-treated; otherwise, the expected results cannot be achieved.
(3) Heat Treatment Process
Improper heat treatment can lead to uneven surface hardness or differences in characteristics of the steel, making polishing difficult.
(4) Polishing Technology
Since polishing is mainly done manually, human skill is still the main factor affecting polishing quality.
It is generally believed that polishing technology affects surface roughness; in fact, good polishing technology must also be combined with high-quality steel and correct heat treatment processes to achieve satisfactory polishing results. Conversely, if the polishing technology is poor, even the best steel cannot achieve a mirror effect.
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